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Linux增加磁盘 扩容根目录 linux扩容根目录sdb是要加入的硬盘[root@cz-03 ~]# lsblkNAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 1.8T 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 2G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 1.8T 0 part └─centos-root 253:0 0 1.8T 0 lvm / sdb 8:16 0 1.8T 0 disk操作步骤1、使用 fdisk -l 查看硬盘序号，并用 fdisk 对硬盘操作，格式化成lvm的格式[root@cz-03 ~]# fdisk -l磁盘 /dev/sdb：214.7 GB, 214748364800 字节，419430400 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节 磁盘 /dev/sda：53.7 GB, 53687091200 字节，104857600 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节 磁盘标签类型：dos 磁盘标识符：0x000069ba 设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 104857599 51379200 8e Linux LVM 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-root：47.2 GB, 47240445952 字节，92266496 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap：5368 MB, 5368709120 字节，10485760 个扇区 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节 I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节[root@cz-03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。 更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。 使用写入命令前请三思。 Device does not contain a recognized partition table 使用磁盘标识符 0x608072d8 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：nPartition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p 分区号 (1-4，默认 1)： 起始 扇区 (2048-419430399，默认为 2048)： 将使用默认值 2048 Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399，默认为 419430399)： 将使用默认值 419430399 分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 200 GiB命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：t已选择分区 1 Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码)： Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码)：8e 已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“Linux LVM”命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：wThe partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. 正在同步磁盘。 2、重新识别磁盘[root@cz-03 ~]# partprobe13.将刚刚的硬盘重新格式化，格式化为xfs格式[root@cz-03 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=13107136 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=52428544, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=25599, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0123456789104.使用lvm命令，对根目录进行扩容4.1 进入lvm模式[root@cz-03 ~]# lvmlvm> pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name centos PV Size <49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12543 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 12543 PV UUID uqeOzg-qRxV-HzxY-kyq1-WjQu-jIgf-Db52dV1234567891011124.2 新建pv卷lvm> pvcreate /dev/sdb1WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/sdb1 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: y Wiping xfs signature on /dev/sdb1. Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.12344.3 再次查看pv卷，已经有两个pv卷了lvm> pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name centos PV Size <49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12543 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 12543 PV UUID uqeOzg-qRxV-HzxY-kyq1-WjQu-jIgf-Db52dV"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<200.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size <200.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID Ye5p9k-KQa7-fdc8-yITc-jWah-E9Up-UVz8RZ12345678910111213141516171819202122234.4 查看vg组lvm> vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size <49.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12543 Alloc PE / Size 12543 / <49.00 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID asHWXn-Pqs4-vzR2-xs6u-tCMv-tcPV-8n3HI91234567891011121314151617181920214.5 将刚刚生成的pv卷 /dev/sdb1 加入到根目录所在的vg组：centoslvm> vgextend centos /dev/sdb1 Volume group "centos" successfully extended124.6 再次查看，根目录所在的vg组：centos 已经扩容成功lvm> vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 248.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 63742 Alloc PE / Size 12543 / <49.00 GiB Free PE / Size 51199 / <200.00 GiB VG UUID asHWXn-Pqs4-vzR2-xs6u-tCMv-tcPV-8n3HI9看到vg size 增加到了248.99 GiB,Free PE size 也有了200.00 GiB(51199)的大小。（我们要增加的就是这个PE的大小！！）123456789101112131415161718192021224.7 查看lv卷lvm> lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/swap LV Name swap VG Name centos LV UUID Bo1IOj-Ce01-FMTS-AJ1P-h11n-eYci-X7IiAu LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2021-09-14 11:53:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 5.00 GiB Current LE 1280 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors autocurrently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/root LV Name root VG Name centos LV UUID T0HSKo-WS64-plXU-T0yx-WZRh-qEHU-hJ4AxX LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2021-09-14 11:53:36 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size <44.00 GiB Current LE 11263 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors autocurrently set to 8192Block device 253:0123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233344.8 使用 lvextend 为根目录进行扩容lvm> lvextend -l +51199 /dev/centos/root Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <44.00 GiB (11263 extents) to 243.99 GiB (62462 extents). Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.1234.9 再次查看lv卷，LV Size 已经有243.99 GiBlvm> lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/swap LV Name swap VG Name centos LV UUID Bo1IOj-Ce01-FMTS-AJ1P-h11n-eYci-X7IiAu LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2021-09-14 11:53:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 5.00 GiB Current LE 1280 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors autocurrently set to 8192Block device 253:1--- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/centos/root LV Name root VG Name centos LV UUID T0HSKo-WS64-plXU-T0yx-WZRh-qEHU-hJ4AxX LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2021-09-14 11:53:36 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 243.99 GiB Current LE 62462 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors autocurrently set to 8192Block device 253:0lvm> exit Exiting.1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435364.10 扩容文件系统[root@cz-03 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-rootmeta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=2883328 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=11533312, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=5631, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0data blocks changed from 11533312 to 6396108812345678910114.11 扩容成功[root@cz-03 ~]# df -h文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 7.8G 25M 7.8G 1% /runtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/mapper/centos-root 244G 2.4G 242G 1% //dev/sda1 1014M 150M 865M 15% /boottmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0————————————————版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「九_天」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39316627/article/details/123042691 -
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关于Linux防火墙的笔记 CentOS7自带防火墙firewalld{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}关闭centos7自带防火墙 firewalld 并重启服务器systemctl stop firewalld.service && systemctl disable firewalld.service && reboot查看 firewalld 防火墙状态systemctl status firewalld重启 firewalld 防火墙systemctl restart firewalld处理报错AllowZoneDrifting编辑文件 vi /etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf 修改文字 AllowZoneDrifting = no{dotted startColor="#ff6c6c" endColor="#1989fa"/}修改防火墙为 iptables关闭自带防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld.service 关闭自带防火墙开机启动 systemctl disable firewalld.service卸载默认firewalld systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl mask firewalld更新iptables yum update iptables 安装iptabls yum install -y iptablesyum install iptables-services 设置默认规则 iptables -Fiptables -P INPUT ACCEPTiptables -X 重启iptables service iptables restartCentOS8 /bin/systemctl restart iptables.service 设置开机自启 systemctl enable iptables.service
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一个优秀的Linux SSH以及WINDOWS远程桌面工具 Finalshell Finalshell官网http://www.hostbuf.com/FinalShell功能特点1.多平台支持Windows,Mac OS X,Linux2.多标签,批量服务器管理3.支持登录SSH和Windows远程桌面4.漂亮的平滑字体显示,内置100多个配色方案5.Shell,SFTP(文件管理器)同屏显示,同步切换目录6.命令自动提示,智能匹配,输入更快捷,方便7.SFTP支持,通过各种优化技术,加载更快,切换,打开目录无需等待8.服务器网络,性能实时监控,无需安装服务器插件9.内置海外服务器加速,加速远程桌面和SSH连接,操作流畅无卡顿10.双边加速功能,大幅度提高访问服务器速度11.内存,CPU性能监控,Ping延迟丢包,Trace路由监控12.实时硬盘监控13.进程管理器14.快捷命令面板,可同时显示数十个命令15.内置文本编辑器,支持语法高亮,代码折叠,搜索,替换16.ssh和远程桌面均支持代理服务器17.打包传输,自动压缩解压18.免费内网穿透,无需设置路由器,无需公网ip
